APPLICATION OF THE WYSSLING ANALYTICAL METHOD TO DEFINE THE VULNERABILITY OF THE ALLUVIAL AQUIFER AND THE WELL PROTECTION PERIMETER IN THE ABDI WADI BASIN OF THE AURES MASSIF (ALGERIA)

M. BENDJERAD, N. BOUGHERIRA, D. NECHEM, H. CHAFFAI

Abstract


The alluvial aquifer, which is sensitive to atmospheric pollution, is considered the appropriate repository for the activity of bacteria and germs that live in the water. It is therefore favorable to the propagation of bacteria requiring protection from the risks of pollution. The direct source water points that can pollute this water reserve are the wells located in it, and to protect them, the Wyssling method, which is based on the determination of the degree of vulnerability, makes it possible to define the perimeters of protection according to the direction and the zone of contact depending on the distance traveled by the water particles around the point of collection upstream and downstream. The protection perimeters are determined according to the distance traveled by the water during a time indicated by the isochrones of 50, 100 and 200 days. The results show a very high vulnerability equal to 14; the immediate, intermediate and extended protection perimeters are 107, 159 and 239 m upstream and 85, 115 and 152 m downstream, respectively. These distances must be respected to protect catchments from polluting activities that cause the water to lose its natural physico-chemical quality.


Keywords


Vulnerability, Immediate, Intermediate, Extended, Protection zone, Isochrones

Full Text:

PDF

References


ABCHICHE M. (1999). Hydrogeological study of the valley of Oued Abdi and Bouzina, District of Batna, Report, 56 p. (In French)

ALLWRIGHT A., ATANGANA A. (2018). Fractal advection‒dispersion equation for groundwater transport in fractured aquifers with self-similarities. European Physical Journal Plus, Vol. 133, Issue 2, pp. 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/i2018-11885-3

AMINA R., LAKHDAR T., KARIMA T., SOFIANE S., EAU P.D., LA D., EL V.D. (2019). Contribution to the Study of vulnerability of terminal complex aquifer and wellhead protection area of water catchment in the Valley of El-Oued, Algerian Journal of Arid Environment, Vol. 9, No 2, pp. 48–57.

BRGM (2007). Délimitation des bassins d’alimentation des captages et cartographie de leur vulnérabilité vis-à-vis des pollutions diffuses – Guide méthodologique – BRGM/RP-55874-FR. http://infoterre.brgm.fr/rapports/RP-55874-FR.pdf

CHAFFAI H., LAOUAR R., DJABRI L., HANI A. (2006). Study of the vulnerability to water pollution of the alluvial aquifer of Skikda: Application of the DRASTIC method, Bulletin of the National Geological Service, Algeria, Vol. 17, No1, pp.63-74. (In French)

DJABRI L., HANI A., CHAFFAI H., HABES S., DJOUAMA M.C. (2015). Study of the vulnerability to pollution a guarantee for the development of an IWRM: case of the alluvial plain of Tébessa, Algeria, Larhyss Journal, No 22, pp. 25-34. (In French)

ESTELLER M.V., ANDREU, J.M. (2005). Anthropic effects on hydrochemical characteristics of the Valle de Toluca aquifer (central Mexico), Hydrogeology Journal, Vol. 13, Issue 2, pp.378–390. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-004-0395-4

ESTELLER M.V., DIAZ-DELGADO C. (2002). Environmental effects of aquifer overexploitation: A case study in the highlands of Mexico, Environmental Management, Vol.29, Issue2, pp.266–278. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-001-0024-0

EXPÓSITO J.L., ESTELLER M.V., PAREDES J., RICO C., FRANCO R. (2010). Groundwater Protection Using Vulnerability Maps and Wellhead Protection Area (WHPA): A Case Study in Mexico, Water Resources Management, Vol. 24, Issue 15, pp. 4219–4236. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-010-9654-4

FAYE MD, BIAOU AC, SORO DD, LEYE B., KOITA M., YACOUBA H. (2020). Understanding Groundwater Pollution in the Sissili Watershed in Burkina-Faso, Larhyss Journal, No 42, p. 121-144. (In French)

FOSTER S., HIRATA R., GOMES D., D’ELIA M., PARIS M. (2002). Groundwater quality protection: a guide for water utilities in Municipal Authorities and Environmental Agencies, World Bank Publication Washington DC, USA.

GARCIA-GARCIA Á., MARTINEZ-NAVARRETE C. (2005). Protection of groundwater intended for human consumption in the water framework directive: Strategies and regulations applied in some European countries, Polish Geological Institute, Special Papers, No18, pp. 28–32.

HAOUCHINE A., HAOUCHINE F.Z., LABADI A. (2015). Assessing groundwater vulnerability using an index-based method. Case of the Sebaou aquifer (Northern Algeria), Larhyss Journal, No 24, pp. 337-349.

KADRI S.R., CHAOUCHE S. (2018). The rising waters in the Souf region: A threat to an oasis ecosystem, Les Cahiers d'EMAM, Studies on the Arab World and the Mediterranean, 30p. (In French).

KOLLIAS P.S., KOLLIAS V., KOLLIAS S. (2001). The protection of aquifers that are subject to land pollution sources, Progress in Water Resources, Vol. 49, pp. 15–24.

LAFFITTE R. (1939). Geological study of the Aurès. Bulletin of the Geological Map Service of Algeria, 2nd series, No 43, 451p. (In French)

MARTÍNEZ NAVARRETE C., GRIMA OLMEDO J., DURÁN VALSERO J.J., GÓMEZ GÓMEZ J.D., LUQUE ESPINAR J.A., DE LA ORDEN GÓMEZ J.A. (2008). Groundwater protection in Mediterranean countries after the European water framework directive, Environmental Geology, Vol. 54, Issue 3, pp. 537–549. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-007-0856-x

MOINANTE M.J., LOBO-FERREIRA J.P. (2005). On wellhead protection assessment methods and a case-study application in Montemor-o-Novo, Portugal, The Fourth Inter-Celtic Colloquium on Hydrology and Management of Water Resources, pp. 21–34.

SEDRATI N., DJABRI L., CHAFFAI H. (2016). Evaluating groundwater pollution and assessing the vulnerability: case of massive dune of Bouteldja, Algeria, Journal of biodiversity and environmental Sciences (JBES), pp. 129-136.

SEGHIR K. (2014). Vulnerability to groundwater pollution in the Tébessa-Hammamet region (Eastern Algeria), Larhyss Journal, No 18, pp. 53-61. (In French)

SHULTZ STEVEN D., LINDSAY B.E. (1990). The willingness to pay for groundwater protection, Water resources, Vol. 26, Issue 9, pp. 1869-1875.

VELIS M., CONTI K., BIERMANN F. (2017). Groundwater and human development: synergies and trade-offs within the context of the sustainable development goals, Sustainability science, Springer, Vol. 12, Issue 6, pp. 1007-1017.

VERNOUX J.F., WUILLE UMIER A., DORFLIGER N. (2007). Delimitation of catchment supply basins and their vulnerabilities to diffuse pollution, Final Report, BRGM/RP-55874-FR, France, 72p. (In French).

ZEFERINO J., PAIVA M., CARVALHO M.D.R., CARVALHO J. M., ALMEIDA C. (2022). Long Term Effectiveness of Wellhead Protection Areas, Water, Vol. 14, Issue 7, pp. 1-20. https://doi.org/10.3390/w14071063

ZEGAIT R., REMINI B., BENSAHA H. (2021). Groundwater vulnerability assessment in the M’zab Valley - Southern Algeria, Larhyss Journal, No 48, pp. 211-234.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.